單核吞噬細胞系統(tǒng)包括單核細胞、結(jié)締組織和淋巴組織中的巨噬細胞、骨組織中的破骨細胞、神經(jīng)組織中的小膠質(zhì)細胞、肝庫弗細胞、皮膚朗格漢斯細胞和肺巨噬細胞。單核吞噬細胞系統(tǒng)能吞噬清除體內(nèi)病菌異物及衰老傷亡細胞，參與非特異性免疫防御機制，參與特異性免疫應(yīng)答，發(fā)揮特異性免疫功能等，是人體中重要的一類保護性細胞系統(tǒng)。

1、單核細胞：單核細胞是白細胞中體積較大的一種，在機體發(fā)生炎癥時進入組織內(nèi)，分化為具有活躍吞噬功能的巨噬細胞；

2、巨噬細胞：巨噬細胞廣泛分布于各器官內(nèi)，尤其多見于淋巴結(jié)、脾、肝、骨髓等器官。具有活躍的吞噬能力，可識別吞噬細菌、異物、壞死組織等，是機體內(nèi)有重要防御功能的細胞；

3、破骨細胞：破骨細胞是骨吸收的主要功能細胞，在吸收骨質(zhì)時具有將基質(zhì)中的鈣離子持續(xù)轉(zhuǎn)移至細胞外液的特殊功能，在骨發(fā)育、生長、修復(fù)、重建中具有重要作用；

4、小膠質(zhì)細胞：小膠質(zhì)細胞是腦組織中的神經(jīng)免疫細胞，具有吞噬功能，同時能促進神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的發(fā)育，促進神經(jīng)元的存活；

5、肝庫弗細胞：肝巨噬細胞是肝內(nèi)的巨噬細胞，能清除從門靜脈入肝的抗原異物，清除衰老的血細胞和監(jiān)視腫瘤；

6、肺巨噬細胞：肺巨噬細胞是參與肺防御免疫功能的重要細胞之一，具有活躍的吞噬功能，能吞噬吸入的塵粒、細菌、異物及滲出的紅細胞。

對于淋巴結(jié)巨噬細胞的研究，體內(nèi)實驗時，我們會使用荷蘭Liposoma的巨噬細胞清除劑Clodronate Liposomes氯膦酸鹽脂質(zhì)體。如果研究的是實驗性淋巴絲蟲病模型，可以參考如下文獻。

論文題目： Tetracyclines improve experimental lymphatic filariasis pathology by disrupting interleukin-4 receptor–mediated lymphangiogenesis

期刊名稱：J Clin Invest.

時間期卷：2021;131(5):e140853.

在線時間：2021年1月12日

DOI：doi.org/10.1172/JCI140853.

品牌：Liposoma

貨號：CP-005-005

規(guī)格：5ml+5ml

品名：Clodronate Liposomes  and Control Liposomes

注射方式：s.c.皮下

濃度：2.5mg/ml

次數(shù)：2次

頻率：3天一次

To interrogate the functional role of prolymphangiogenic monocytes and monocyte-derived MΦs recruited to the site of filaria-parasitized lymphatics, we blocked CCR2+ monocyte recruitment following BmL3 infection by administration of an anti-CCR2 ablating antibody (28). In a complementary approach, we reduced total phagocyte cell populations, including monocytes and MΦs, by local subcutaneous administration of clodronate encapsulated in liposomes (Figure 7A). Confirming treatment efficacy, both anti-CCR2 and clodronate liposome treatments delivered to filaria-infected mice successfully reduced circulating blood monocyte populations. Further, anti-CCR2 significantly reduced lymphatic-associated monocyte populations following infection (Figure 7, B and C). Following ablations of monocyte and total phagocyte populations, while remodeled lymphatics were still apparent, the magnitude of lymphatic insufficiency was significantly reduced, as demonstrated by reduced backflow of ICG following anti-CCR2 treatment (Figure 7, F and G) and dermal retention of EB (Figure 7H) following both anti-CCR2 and clodronate liposome treatments. Additionally, dermal lymphatic vessel dilation was significantly reduced following both anti-CCR2 and clodronate liposome treatments (Figure 7, I and J). These ablation experiments indicate a functional role for prolymphangiogenic monocyte populations, after recruitment from the blood to local parasitized lymphatics, in the development of filaria-associated lymphatic dysfunction.

材料和方法：

CCR2 and clodronate liposome monocyte/MΦ depletion experiments.

Following infection, mice were administered either 20 μg MC-21 rat anti–mouse CCR2 depleting antibody (Matthias Mack, Regensburg University; ref. 28) i.p., daily, or 2.5 mg/mL clodronate liposome suspensions (Liposoma) s.c. at BmL3 infection sites every 3 days. Treatment was undertaken for 6 days.