CELL [IF=45.5]

摘要：Venous  thromboembolism (VTE) is a common, deadly disease with an increasing  incidence despite preventive efforts. Clinical observations have  associated elevated antibody concentrations or antibody-based therapies  with thrombotic events. However, how antibodies contribute to thrombosis  is unknown. Here, we show that reduced blood flow enabled  immunoglobulin M (IgM) to bind to FcμR and the polymeric immunoglobulin  receptor (pIgR), initiating endothelial activation and platelet  recruitment. Subsequently, the procoagulant surface of activated  platelets accommodated antigen- and FcγR-independent IgG deposition.  This leads to classical complement activation, setting in motion a  prothrombotic vicious circle. Key elements of this mechanism were  present in humans in the setting of venous stasis as well as in the  dysregulated immunothrombosis of . This antibody-driven  thrombosis can be prevented by pharmacologically targeting complement.  Hence, our results uncover antibodies as previously unrecognized central  regulators of thrombosis. These findings carry relevance for  therapeutic application of antibodies and open innovative avenues to  target thrombosis without compromising hemostasis.

摘要：Parasitic  nematodes have an intimate, chronic and lifelong exposure to vertebrate  tissues. Here we mined 41 published parasitic nematode transcriptomes  from vertebrate hosts and identified 91 RNA viruses across 13 virus  orders from 24 families in ~70% (28 out of 41) of parasitic nematode  species, which include only 5 previously reported viruses. We observe  widespread distribution of virus–nematode associations across multiple  continents, suggesting an ancestral acquisition event and host–virus  co-evolution. Characterization of viruses of Brugia malayi (BMRV1) and  Onchocerca volvulus (OVRV1) shows that these viruses are abundant in  reproductive tissues of adult parasites. Importantly, the presence of  BMRV1 RNA in B. malayi parasites mounts an RNA interference response  against BMRV1 suggesting active viral replication. Finally, BMRV1 and  OVRV1 were found to elicit antibody responses in serum samples from  infected jirds and infected or exposed humans, indicating direct  exposure to the immune system.

摘要：Joint  pain and osteoarthritis can occur as coronavirus disease sequelae after infection. However, little is known about the  damage to articular cartilage. Here we illustrate knee joint damage  after wild-type, Delta and Omicron variants of severe acute respiratory  syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in vivo. Rapid joint  injury with cystic lesions at the osteochondral junction was observed in  two patients with post-COVID osteoarthritis and recapitulated in a  golden Syrian hamster model. SARS-CoV-2-activated endothelin-1  signalling increased vascular permeability and caused viral spike  proteins leakage into the subchondral bone. Osteoclast activation,  chondrocyte dropout and cyst formation were confirmed histologically.  The US Food and Drug Administration-approved endothelin receptor  antagonist, macitentan, mitigated cystic lesions and preserved  chondrocyte number in the acute phase of viral infection in hamsters.  Delayed macitentan treatment at post-acute infection phase alleviated  chondrocyte senescence and restored subchondral bone loss. It is worth  noting that it could also attenuate viral spike-induced joint pain. Our  work suggests endothelin receptor blockade as a novel therapeutic  strategy for post-COVID arthritis.

摘要：Modulating  inflammation is crucial for repairing vascular injury. Phagocytosis of  apoptotic cells represents an effective mechanism for attenuating  inflammation and improving regeneration during natural healing. However,  strategies for repairing vascular injuries using biomaterials derived  from apoptotic cells are still undeveloped. Herein, apoptotic  body-mimetic nanovesicles (ApoNVs) derived from rat adipose-derived  mesenchymal stem cells (rASCs) are prepared using a one-step extrusion  method. ApoNVs inherit the unique anti-inflammatory and pro-regenerative  properties of the parental apoptotic rASCs, as evidenced by enhanced M2  polarization of macrophages and promoted endothelial cell proliferation  and migration following treatment with ApoNVs. Moreover, ApoNVs enhance  the contractile phenotype of vascular smooth muscle cells through the  mediation of ApoNVs-induced repolarized macrophages. After engineering  ApoNVs with P-selectin binding peptide (ApoNVs-PBP), their ability to  target injured artery increased nearly sevenfold compared to unmodified  ApoNVs. In a rat wire-mediated femoral artery injury model, ApoNVs-PBP  effectively suppress inflammation and significantly reduce blood flow  velocity and neointimal hyperplasia at the injury site. ApoNVs exhibit  similar therapeutic effects, though to a lesser extent. This study  provides strong evidence validating the targeted delivery of ApoNVs as  an innovative approach for repairing vascular injury and highlights  their potential in treating other inflammatory diseases.

摘要：The  development of biomimetic scaffolds that can promote osteogenic  induction and vascularization is of great importance for the repair of  large bone defects. In the present study, inorganic bioactive glass (BG)  and organic polycaprolactone (PCL) are effectively combined by  electrospinning and electrospray techniques to construct  three-dimensional (3D) BG/PCL microfibrous spheres for the repair of  bulk bone defects. The hybrid fibers, as well as the as-obtained 3D  structure, can mimic the composition and architecture of native bone  tissues. Furthermore, the BG/PCL microfibrous spheres show excellent  biocompatibility and provide sufficient space and attachment sites for  cell growth. The osteogenic differentiation of bone mesenchymal stem  cells is also effectively facilitated when cultured on such hybrid  microfibrous spheres. In vivo investigation utilizing rat femoral  condyle bone defect models demonstrates that the BG/PCL microfibrous  spheres loaded with bone mesenchymal stem cells can induce angiogenesis  and promote the upregulation of bone-related protein expression, thus  effectively facilitating bone regeneration at the defect site. The  collective findings indicate that such BG/PCL hybrid microfibrous  spheres have the potential to be effective carriers of stem cells. The  microfibrous spheres loaded with stem cells have promising potential to  be utilized as implantable biomaterials for the repair of bone defects.