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The cathepsin family of proteolytic enzymes contains several diverse classes of proteases. The cysteine protease class comprises cathepsins B, L, H, K, S, and O (1-6). The aspartyl protease class is composed of cathepsins D and E (7,8). Cathepsin G is in the serine protease class (9). Most cathepsins are lysosomal and each is involved in cellular metabolism, participating in various events such as peptide biosynthesis and protein degradation. Cathepsin S has been shown to be an elastinolyti

The enzyme encoded by this gene catalyzes the elimination of inorganic triphosphate from dihydroneopterin triphosphate, which is the second and irreversible step in the biosynthesis of tetrahydrobiopterin from GTP. Tetrahydrobiopterin, also known as BH(4), is an essential cofactor and regulator of various enzyme activities, including enzymes involved in serotonin biosynthesis and NO synthase activity. Mutations in this gene result in hyperphenylalaninemia. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2008]

Inhibits DNA replication by preventing the incorporation of MCM complex into prereplication complex (pre-RC). It is degraded during the mitotic phase of the cell cycle. Its destruction at the metaphase-anaphase transition permits replication in the succeeding cell cycle.$nGeminin is a nuclear protein that regulates the initiation of DNA replication during the cell cycle. DNA replication requires the coordinated association of cdc6 and minichromosome maintenance (MCM) proteins with chromatin. G

Retinoids are metabolites of vitamin A (retinal) and are believed to represent important signaling molecules during vertebrate development and tissue differentiation. Two families of retinoid receptors have been identified. Retinoic acid receptors (RARs) include RAR alpha, RAR Beta and RAR gamma, each of which has a high affinity for all trans retinoic acids and belongs to the same class of nuclear transcription factors as thyroid hormone receptors, vitamin D3 receptor and ecdysone recepto

Oligodendrocyte specific protein (OSP)is the third most abundant component of central nervous system myelin. The claudin superfamily consists of many structurally related proteins. These proteins, which include claudin 1 through 18, are located in both epithelial and endothelial cells in all tight junction bearing tissues. Claudins, which consist of four transmembrane domains and two extracellular loops, make up tight junction strands. There is growing evidence that OSP/Claudin 11 determines